Internal-combustion engine.



G. WESTINGHOUSE. DECD.

Mv H. WESTINGHOUSE. C. A. TERRY 8: W. D- UPTEGRAFF; EXECUTORS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 5EPT- 23. I910. 1 11 95, Patented Nov. 23

v 3 SHEETS-SHEET i.

11v V'ENTOR.

IS ATTORNEY IN FACT.

G. WESTINGHOUSE, DECD. H H- WESTINGHOUSE. C. A. TERRY 6: W. D. UPTEGRAFF. EXECUTORS.

INTERNAL comsusnom ENGINE.

APPLICATHJN HLED SEPT. 28. 19H). L11 Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT.

GLWES'TINGHOUSE, 05cm.

44. H. WESTINGHOUSE, c. A. TERRY a w. o. UPTECRAFF, EXECUTOHS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, I910.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

nus ATTOENMY m WNW.

INVENTOR.

w wwmm iqiiiiication filer? September :38, 3919. serial 1'10. 58 5,25 1.

Yb all whom it may concern:

lie it known that l, Giioixeii Wes'rme no fsit, it citizen of the United States, and :1. resident oi? Pittsburgh inv the county affilleglieny and. State of Peni'isylvtunic. have ii'm'clc a new and useful l nvention in internal-Combustion Engines. of which the following is 'a specification.

his invention relates to internal combustion engines and. has for an object to prtime means for introducing an. auxiliary change into the engine cylinder, during the operation of the engine, for the purpose of increasing the power delivered by the ell game.

Alurthel' object is to procluce means i501 ielivering compressed air to the engine during the operation of stertingup and for deii'i cring an auxiliary ccmbusticlc charge to the engine cylinder during the operation of the engine.

A further objectis to produce speed. responsive for delivering an flllXlllitly ceinbustiblocliarge to the engine cylinder (luring; the operation of the engine, and for elivering compressecl air to the engine cylinder during the operation of starting up the engine.

These and other objects I attain by means oi the apparatus herein described, and illustmted i i the drawings accompanying thisapplieation and forming a part thereof.

Iln the drawings: Figure 1 is a. sectional view of a detail oi thli apparatus embodying 1.; i invention; Fig. 2 is it fragmental View, psrtially'in section and partially in elevation, of a gas engine equipped with zippers ms embodying my invention; Fig. 8 is en ale tion of a governor employed with the iilnswtecl embodiment of my invention; and l. L is a. View partially in section and partially in elevation, of an oil pump anc'l :1 pump (apex-sting mechanism, which constitute details 01 my invention.

:lleferiing to the drawings: A portion cf :1. gas engine cylinder 5 is shown in Fig. 2 and. is provided Witlien inlet valve 6. an exli'a st valve 7 and a mixing valve 8. A. 9, formed partially in the engine cylinll,b0l13in1l13l0at$ with the mixing valve and is adapted tocleliver combustible mixget 13. which are adapted to rise, in response to oil presence clelivei'efl' by the pump 11., and to deliver it charge of oil rmcl com-- pressed six to the engine cylinder. The valve and the plums; 1 are located iii casing 1%, which is sl; H1 located in an outer casing and mounted on the cylinder 5.

Thecasing It is substantially cylindrical and is provided with longitudinally extending passage, which communicates at its lower end, vitli a port 16 pi'oviclecl in the casing 15 and in which the pliingerjB, the valve and. an air-control welve '1?" are located.

The port 1.6 of tlie casing 15 communicates with the interior of the engine cylinder tULCl the plunger 13 is stlaptcdto seat on the edge of the port 16 for the "purpose of cllxsing lli. A bushing 18 is screwed into the lower end of the casing ll, end-smoke the plunge? 13. Guide liigsflt formed on the plum get 13 and the inneri cce oi the bushing 18. With this arrangement, the plunger is gcitleml by the l)dSlil2ig.21I1Ll1n itl'lnliltll pesscge is proviclecl between it anal the bushiiig, through which the auxiliary charge of oil and air is delivered to the port 16. The iii.- nerend of the bushing is so constructed that an annular passz ge located between it and the inner peripheral face of the caslug 14:. i

A reciprocating sleeve, locatedi in the sage 20, constitutes the valve 1:2 and is prof videcl Willi inwardly ezitenzlingtacliel Wings 21 adapted to engage :1 collar pi'OVldGCl on the plunger 13 for the purpose of raising the plunger to open the'port 1.6. An oil clelivery passage 22 is provided in the casing v through these lfl and commuiiicates with the lowest portlon of the passage 20 below the sleeve valve 12. Ports are provided in the bushing 18 and communicate with the passage 20 and with the passage located between the plunger 13 and the bushing. The flow of oil ports is controlled by the valve 12. Oil pressure is periodically delivered to the passage 20 by the governor-controlled pump ll, through piping 24.

The upper end of the plunger 13 contacts with a. plug25 of the pressure control valve 17, which 18 arranged to'seat one shoulder 26 formed on the interior of the casing ll above the passage 13. Air under v pressure is delivered to the interior of the casing 14:, above the valve 17, through a passage 27 formed in the casing and connnunicating with a source of air pressure through suitable piping 28. The plug 25 is provided with oil grooves for the purpose of forming an air-tight joint between it and the valve 17, and is. capable of suflicient independent movement to permit the valve 17 and the plunger 13 to independently move to their seats in response to air pressure.

The valve 17' is held to its seat by the air pressure above it, and the plunger 13 is forced to its seat by the air pressure on the upper end of the plug An adjustable stop 30 is located in the casing 14 and its stem 31 extends upwardly through a bushing 32 screwed into the upper end of the casing 14:, and is adapted to be moved to dif 'ferent positions for the purpose of limiting the upward movement of the valve 17, and consequently the plunger 18 and the valve 12. The stop is provided with a hand wheel 33 and is provided with screw threads 3% which engage screw threads formed on the bushing The oil pump 11 is so arranged that it will deliver oil to the passage :22 during predetermined or heavy loads on the engine. and raise the valve 12, the plunger 13 and the valve 17, and deliver an auxiliary charge of oil and air to the engine cylinder. The oil pump consists of a plunger 35, which reciprocates in a cylindrical passage 36 communicating with the passage through the piping 24. An inlet port 37 communicates with the passage 36 and with a source of oil supply (not shown) and is adapted to be covered and uncovered by the plunger 35 during its reciprocations. A check valve 38 isshown located in the piping 24- and is so arranged that it permits a flow of oil from the pump to the passage 20, but prevents a flow in theopposite direction.

One end of the plunger projects out of the passagelfi through a suitable'packing 39 and is adapted to be engaged bv a governor-controlled .and cam actuated wedge d1. The Wedge 41 is'mountcd on the end of a rod 42, which is pivotally mounted on :1.

reciprocating sleeve l6 which forms a part of a fly ball governor and is actuated by the balls ll of the governor. The wedge 41 is held in place between the plunger 3;) and'a cam 48 by means of pivotally mounted guide arms 49, one of which is located on each side of the wedge and is provided with a way 51, through which a pin 52, mounted on the wedge, projects. The cam +l8 is driven by the engine and is adapted toreciprocate the wedge 41. The wedgeis so constructed that it engages and imparts motion to the plunger 35 during 'predetermined or heavy loads on the engine, but reciprocates without contacting with the plunger during light loads on the engine. This is accomplished, in the up paratus illustrated, by so forming and locating the inclined face 53 of the wedge that it will engage the end of the-plunger 35, when the wedge is raised, through the agency of the rod 2 and the le ers -13 and 41, by the governor during hes. v'l uls on the engine. In Figs. light load position, while in ernor is shown at rest. With this arrange- ,ment, the plunger 35 is moved through the pumping stroke by the wedge 41 during heavy loads on the engine, and is returned to its initial position by means ofia coiled spring 54, which surrounds the plunger and operatcsbetween a collar carried by the plunger and the stufling box 39. It will be apparent that the travel of the plunger varies with the lift of the wedge all.

, \Vhen the piping 2i and the communicating passages are full of oil. the valve 12 will respond to each stroke of the plunger and will first lift the plunger 13 off its seat 2 and l the mechanism is shown in v Fig. 3, the govand then open the ports 23 and deliver oil from the passage 20 into thepa'ssage surrounding the plunger 13. The valve 12, in lifting the plunger 13, also raises the valve 17 and thereby delivers a How of air, from the passage 27. through the port 16 and into the engine cylinder. The air-entering the port 16 must first traverse the passage be tween the bushing, 18 and the plunger 13' and will therefore take up the oil delivered by the ports 23 and carry it into the engine cylinder. The source of air pressure communicating with the passage 27 is maintained at such a pressure that it always preponderates over the pressure in the engine cylinder. Vnder such conditions. the oil and air delivered to the engine cylinder through the port 16 will be intimately i.

mixed and the oil will -s'pray.

be in the form of Atter the charge of oil undulr has been .dcliverwl to the engine cylinder in re 7 till the valve 1'7, the plunger 13 and the valve 1; to their seats and thereby cut oil the de ill or of the auxiliary charge to the engine eyliiuler.

'lhr cain 4 5 may be drivenby the engine in any suitable niannen it is preferably so arranged that it will so operate the pump 11., during heavy loads on the engine, that the auxiliary charge will be delivered to the engine cylinder during the first part of the hrinp stroke of" the engine piston. With this arrangemeuh.the charge of oil and air will be ignited by the burning gases in the engine cylinder.

it will be apparent that the apparatus illustrated may be used for all the cylinders ot a multbcyliiuler engine. and that its op eration may be varied by varying the shape of the wedge 41 and the adjustment of the wedge with reference to the governor-actuated sleeve 46. 4

During the starting operatioin l contemplate employing the apparatus illustrated in delivering air pressure to the engine cylin-' ders. When the engine is at rest, the governor bulls l7 occupy such positions that the wedge 41 will be moved to the operative po sition. During theordinary operation of the engine oil, as welltas air would be de- '-'ered to the engine cylinder with the Wedge in this position; and to prevent such a delivery of oil during the startingoperation, I- provide the stop 30, which maybe moved to such position that the valve 12 ll'l-IlSlIlg in response to the increase of pressure in the oil passages iwill bevcapable of lifting the plunger 13 and the yalve 17, but Will not be capable of opening the ports As soon as the engine is up to speed the stop is raised by the hand wheel 33 so that the an paratus will be in position to operate autoniatioally to deliver auxiliary charges of gas and air to the engine cylinder during heavy l'ull'ii is not necessary to limit the motion of the valve 12 by the stop 30 duringthe oper-- rlilOIl of starting up the engine, since oil may he introduced with the air into the engine cylinder. The mixture of oil and air will exert sutlicicnt pressurein the engine cylinders to quickly bring the engine up to speed; and in adidtion to this, the mixture of oil and air will be ignited by the ignition apparatus ot the engine.

During the normal operation. of the engine by proper adjustment (if-the wedge 4:1, the apparatus illustrated as an embodiment of inv invention, may be used to increase the capacity of the engine from 36% to by introducing the auxiliary charge, Without llltflfgalls'lllg the niaxunuiu pressure obtained in the engine cylinders. "This feature tends to greatly increase the economy of engines employed with vvidely varying loads.

it may oe necessary to employ means for gins through fuel delivery valve :tor delivering houid fuel gradually discharging the surplus oil from the passage 2U so that the sleeve valve 123 will HUNG to its iuirinal position in response to the air pressure above the valve l7. This can be accomplished in various ways; but in the apparatus illustrated, l rely upon the leakage of oil around the valve in and through the ports :23 to permit the valve to move to its closed position. The leakage oi oil is'so sin-all that it does not a li'eet the operation or the etliciency of the apparatus.

lrlaving thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The combination with an. internal coin bastion engine having a main mixture supply valve and an exhaust valve, of means for delivering auau '"iary supply of combus tible niixtureto said engine, comprising an auxiliary inlet coniniunieating with the en.- gine cylinder, an air pressure delivery valve for delivering air under pressure to tilt eugine through. said. auxiliary inlet a liquid fuel delivery valve for delivering liquid fuel into the stream of air passing the air deliveryvalve, a pump for actuating said fuel deli-very valve and for supplying liquid fuel thereto means for driving" the pump synchronously with the engine and a governor driven by the engine for controlling the operation of the pump.

2. The combination with an internal coinbustion engine having a main mixture supply valve and an exhaust valve, of means for delivering an aux liary supply of combustible mixture to said. engine comprising an auxiliary inlet communicating with the engine cylinder, an air pressure delivery valve for deliyering under pressure to the enajuiziii ry inlet, a liquid into the stream at air assing the air 'olelivery valve pressure creating means for aotuatin both olf said list mentioned valves, and a governor driven by the engine for controlling the operation of said pres sure creating means.

The comhii'iation with an internal combustion engine having a main mixture supply valve and an exhaust valve, ot means for delivering an auxiliary supply of con1- hustihle mixtureto said engine, comprising interdependent valves for delivering compressed air and liquid fuel to saidengine, pressure creating means driven by the engine for actuating both of said valves, and a governor driven by the engine for controlling the operation at said means.

4-. The combination with an internal corn bastion engine having main mixture sup plv valve an exhaust Valve, of means "for delivering an auxiliary supply of combustible mixture to said engine comprising interz'lependent valves for delivering compressed air and liquid fuel'to said engine, a liquid fuel. pump for delivering fuel to oneot said valves and for actuating both of said valves, and governor controlled means for controlling the operation of said pump.

' 5. The combination with an internal combustion engine having an exhaust valve and a main mixture supply valve, of means for delivering an auxiliary charge of combustible mixture to said engine, comprising an air pressure delivery valve, a fuel, delivery valve for delivering fuel into the stream of air passing said air delivery valve and terating saidair valve, pressure-creating means for actuating said fuel valve and a governor driven by the engine for controlling the operation of said means.

7. The combination With an internal com bustion, engine, of a valve for delivering compressed air to the engine cylinder. a

7 fuel valve for delive ting fuel into the stream of air passing said air valve and for actuat- 111g said air valve, pressure-creating means for actuating said fuel valve, and an ad'- justable stop for checking the motion oi said valves to prevent the delivery of fuel to the engine.

8. The combination with an internal conibustion engine having an inlet and an exhaust valve, of means for delivering auniliary charges of combustible iniiiture to said engine comprising an air delivery valve, a fuel delivery valve, and a governor-controlled oil pump for actuating both of said valves.

9. The combinaticn with an internal ceinbustien engine, of means for delivering an auxiliary charge to the engine cylinder, comprising a valve for delivering compressed air to the cylinder, afuel v-alve surroundng the air valve for delivering fuel to the cylinder and for actuating said air valve,'and apump for delivering fuel to the fuel valve and for actuating the fuel valve.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 23rd day of September, 1910.

end. WESTINGHOUSE;

Witnesses:

C. W. MCGHEE. E. MeCALLLs'rnR. 

